Justice

The Last Man Standing in a Doomed Buffalo Housing Complex

After a long fight between tenants and management, John Schmidt is waiting for U.S. Marshals to drag him out of Shoreline apartments, a Brutalist project designed by Paul Rudolph.
Buffalo's Shoreline apartments seen around the time it first opened 40 years ago.EPA/Library of Congress

Any minute now, John Schmidt expects to be removed from his apartment by U.S. Marshals.

Schmidt lives in Buffalo’s Shoreline apartments, an affordable housing complex behind City Hall. Designed by the legendary modernist architect Paul Rudolph and built in 1974, Shoreline originally held more than 400 residents. Since October, there’s been only one: Schmidt.